The Impact of Plastic Straws

Plastic straws are a pervasive source of pollution and are considered one of the top 10 contributors to ocean debris. Few people fully realize the impact of plastic straws on the environment, but they significantly threaten many environments.

The Use of Plastic Straws

In the U.S. alone, we use approximately 500 million plastic straws daily. Residents of the United Kingdom also use billions of plastic straws each year.

Single-use plastic straws are a popular solution due to their convenience. They can be commonly found at:

• Offices and company events
• Picnics and parties
• Fast food establishments
• Community centers and other gathering spaces
• Schools and higher education institutes
• Attached to single-serving beverage boxes

The popular use of these straws is far from ideal due to their negative environmental impact.

What are the Environmental Impacts of Plastic Straws?

With less than 9% of all plastic being recycled, millions of disposable straws end up in landfills each day. They release harmful chemicals as they break down or become incinerated. 

Increased Waste and Pollution

Plastic straws are also a significant cause of pollution, with scientists extrapolating that over eight billion straws are on the world’s coastlines alone. That amount doesn’t account for plastic straws in landfills, the ocean, or land-based ecosystems. 

Plastic is not biodegradable, so it remains as-is unless recycled. A single plastic straw can take up to 200 years to break down. Straws’ light weight and size also mean they’re difficult to recycle and can elude trash collection. 

Release Microplastics and Toxins

The minute plastic particles that straws release, called microplastics, contaminate water, soil, and animals. Microplastics from unrecycled and degrading straws can make their way into waterways, affecting our water supply and food health as wildlife, marine animals, and the ground absorb them. These microplastics contain harmful toxins from plastic’s raw form, petroleum, which can impact your health and wellness.

Estimates for affected animals say that around 200,000 marine mammals die from straw-related incidents annually.

Unsustainable, Harmful Production

Standard plastic straws are made from a by-product of petroleum, polypropylene. To make a single-use straw requires natural resource extraction, eating into limited amounts of petroleum that exist. Plastic manufacturing processes also use lots of energy and emit toxic fumes, increasing global pollution and adding to an ever-growing global warming crisis. To match the quick-use and mass consumption described above, these harmful processes must happen at high rates.

These environmental and health effects have led to the banning of plastic straws in various countries. Several U.S. states have banned plastic straws, including California, Oregon, Washington, Vermont, Maine, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey, and Washington. There have also been global movements to implement similar policies, notably the EU and Canada’s banning of all single-use plastics in 2021. Straws are at the center of a worldwide effort to reduce plastic use and waste.

How Long Do Plastic Straws Take to Decompose?

Like many other single-use plastics, disposable straws have a distressingly long half-life. Plastic straws in landfills may take up to 200 years to decompose. Those entering oceans or other environments may take even longer to disintegrate.

What Happens to Discarded Plastic Straws?

While a few cities recycle straws, most are destined for landfills or the environment. This result is largely due to the difficulty of recycling plastic straws.

Several difficulties make recycling plastic straws difficult or impossible:

• Type of plastic used: Most disposable plastic straws do not consist of recyclable plastic. The ones that consist of polypropylene are technically recyclable, but few recyclers are willing to take on straw recycling. 
• Shape and size: Due to their shape and small size, straws aren’t ideally suited for recycling by most mechanized recycling plants. They fall through gaps in machinery and can lead to equipment damage, among other problems.
• Contamination: Some plastic straws consist mainly of recyclable plastic, but they may also contain secondary plastic. This contamination makes them unsuitable for recycling with pure plastics.

Because of these recycling difficulties, you will find most discarded straws in a landfill, where they may take hundreds of years to decompose.

What Plastic Straw Alternatives Can You Use?

To promote sustainability and expand market options for single-use products, more and more manufacturers are innovating substitutes for plastic. You can now purchase straws made from:

• Agave 
• Paper 
• Bamboo
• Polylactic acid (PLA) 
• Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) 
• Steel 

Explore Greenprints’ Alternatives to Plastic Straws

Fortunately, you can significantly reduce the impact of plastic straws by turning to alternatives. From single-use options to reusable straws, there are more sustainable options:

• Agave straws: Basic agave straws are fully compostable—you may dispose of them in your home composting system. Plastic-agave blends are biodegradable and decompose in a bioactive landfill within three years.
• Metal straws: Metal straws are an excellent alternative to plastic. They’re washable and reusable, so you can carry your straws, wash them after use, and create no plastic waste.
• Wood straws: Wooden and bamboo straws may be reusable or biodegradable, depending on their design. Both options are more sustainable than plastic. 
• Paper straws: As the most common sustainable single-use straw option, paper straws are a good compostable choice.

Whether for business or personal use, compostable straws are a valuable alternative to plastic.